Lottery is a competition in which numbered tickets are sold and prizes awarded to those who match a winning combination of numbers. Lottery is often a state or charitable fund-raiser, and is also used as a form of entertainment for participants and spectators. In the past it was also used as a means of selecting people for certain jobs, though this use is now less common. The casting of lots to make decisions and determine fates has a long history; the first recorded public lottery in Europe was held for municipal repairs in the Netherlands in the 16th century, although similar games are known from the Chinese Han dynasty (2nd millennium BC).

In modern times, state lotteries have become very popular, with billions of dollars raised annually. They are primarily financed by player fees, and the state is only required to invest a small percentage of the total prize money. The principal argument for establishing a lottery is that it provides a painless source of revenue, since players are voluntarily spending their money for the benefit of the community.

Despite the popularity of the lottery, many critics argue that it is addictive and can cause financial ruin. Moreover, the chances of winning are slim: statistically, one is more likely to be struck by lightning or to become a billionaire than to win the lottery. In addition, winning the lottery can also cause a decline in quality of life for the lucky winner and their family.